Ibibazo 7 By’Ingutu Byerekana ko Urubyiruko Muri Afrika Ari Ikibazo Ku Butegetsi Aho Kuba Imbaraga
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Urubyiruko rw'abanya Kenya mu myigaragambyo yamagana itegeko rizamura imisoro
Mu gihe ibihugu byinshi bikize byugarijwe n’ikibazo cy’umubare munini w’abaturage bashaje, Afurika ifite abaturage benshi bakiri bato. Urubyiruko rugize igice kinini cy’abaturage, bikavugwa ko ari amahirwe akomeye ku mugabane wa Afurika. Kuba Afurika ifite urubyiruko rwinshi bishobora gutanga amahirwe menshi y’iterambere, aho rwakoresha imbaraga ndetse n’ibitekerezo byarwo bishya bishobora kwihutisha iterambere ry’ubukungu, imibereho myiza, ndetse no gukemura ibibazo byugarije umugabane.
Urubyiruko rwinshi rutanga amahirwe yo kugira ingufu z’umurimo zihagije, zishobora guteza imbere inganda n’ubucuruzi, no kuzamura iterambere ry’ibikorwa remezo. Urubyiruko rushobora kwifashishwa mu gushakira ibisubizo ibibazo by’ikoranabuhanga, ubuhinzi bugezweho, n’ibindi byateza imbere umugabane mu buryo burambye.
Ariko kandi, kugira ngo ibi bishoboke, ni ngombwa ko ibihugu bya Afurika bifata ingamba zikomeye zo gushora imari mu burezi bufite ireme, guhanga udushya, no gutanga amahirwe yo kwihangira imirimo no kurushanwa nta vangura iryo ari ryo ryose. Hakenewe politiki zitanga amahirwe angana kuri bose, n’imiyoborere myiza yizewe, kugira ngo urubyiruko rushobore gukoresha neza ayo mahirwe.
Mu buryo bwo guhangana n’ibibazo urubyiruko rushobora guhura nabyo, harimo gushyiraho gahunda z’uburezi zihamye, guteza imbere imyuga n’ubumenyi ngiro, gushyiraho ibikorwa remezo bikenewe, ndetse no gufasha urubyiruko kubona inguzanyo n’ubujyanama mu by’ubucuruzi no guhanga udushya. Ibyo byose byafasha kubyaza umusaruro ubushobozi urubyiruko rwifitemo hagamijwe iterambere, bikazafasha Afurika kugera ku ntego zayo z’iterambere rirambye.
Mugihe Leta zidakemuye bwangu ibi bibazo 7, umubare munini w’urubyiruko muri Afurika ushobora kuba ikibazo kurusha igisubizo:
- Ubushomeri: Umubare munini w’urubyiruko utuma habaho ubushomeri bwinshi, kuko ibihugu byinshi bya Afurika bidafite ubushobozi bwo guha akazi abantu benshi. Ibi bitera urubyiruko guhura n’ibibazo by’ubukene ndetse n’ubwigunge. Akenshi usanga ubu bushomeri bufite aho buhuriye n’imiyoborere mibi.
- Imiyoborere Mibi: Muri Afurika, hari ibihugu biba bifite imiyoborere itanoze ituma amahirwe yo kubona akazi, kwiga neza, ndetse n’iterambere riboneka kuri bose bigorana. Ibi bituma urubyiruko rutabona amahirwe ahagije yo kwiteza imbere. Muri iki gice cy’imiyoborere mibi niho dusanga ibibazo nk’ivanguramoko n’irondakarere, itonesha n’icyenewabo ndetse na ruswa mu itangwa rya serivisi.
- Ibibazo by’Ubuzima: Kubera ko urubyiruko ari runini, serivisi z’ubuzima no kurwanya indwara zihariye ntizihagije. Indwara nka VIH/SIDA, malariya, n’izindi ndwara zandura zishobora gukwirakwira cyane mu rubyiruko. Hakiyongeraho ibibazo by’ubuzima bwo mu mutwe akenshi biterwa n’ingaruka z’ubukene zituruka ku ngamba z’ubukungu zitorohereza urubyiruko, ibibazo by’ivangura moko ndetse n’uturere.
- Ibibazo by’umutekano: Umubare munini w’urubyiruko udafite akazi cyangwa udafite icyerekezo mu buzima bushobora guteza umutekano mucye, kuko bamwe bashobora kujya mu bikorwa by’ubugizi bwa nabi cyangwa kwinjira mu mitwe y’iterabwoba.
- Imibereho Mibi: Kubura ubushobozi bwo kubona ibyo bakeneye by’ibanze nk’amafunguro, amazi meza, amashanyarazi, n’ibindi bikoresho bifasha mu buzima bwa buri munsi bituma imibereho yabo iba mibi, bigatuma batabasha gutekereza neza biganisha ku guhanga udushya. Igifu kirimo ubusa nticyatuma ubwonko butekereza neza.
- Ibura ry’ibikorwa remezo bihagije: Kubona ibikorwa remezo nk’imihanda, amashuri meza kandi afite ibikoresho bihagije n’amavuriro biragoye ku rwego rw’umubare munini w’urubyiruko. Bisaba ubwitange buhagije Leta nyinshi zititeguye gukora. Ibi bituma iterambere ridindira.
- Ibura ry’Uburezi Bufite Ireme: Mu bihugu byinshi bya Afurika, amashuri n’ibigo by’uburezi bifite ubushobozi buke bwo kwakira urubyiruko rwose rukeneye kwiga. Ibi bituma benshi bata amashuri cyangwa bakiga nabi, bigatuma badashobora kubona akazi keza mu bihe biri imbere cyangwa ngo bagire ubumenyi n’ubushobozi byatuma bihangira imirimo..
Twasoza turagira inama za Leta yo kwita kuri ibi bibazo by’urubyiruko, niba koko iterambere rirambye ariryo zifuriza abaturage bazo. Kubaka ejo hazaza heza h’abaturage bazo bisaba gushora imari mu burezi bufite ireme, guteza imbere imyuga n’ubumenyi ngiro, gushyiraho ibikorwa remezo bikenewe, no gushyigikira urubyiruko mu kwihangira imirimo. Iyo politiki n’ingamba zose zigamije gushyigikira urubyiruko zizafasha kugera ku iterambere rirambye, rigakemura ibibazo by’ubukene n’ubushomeri bityo Afurika ikabona kugira ejo hazaza heza kandi hizewe.
